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The 1990s and the Brief De-Objectification of the Action-Movie Actress

By Dustin Rowles | Posted Under Seriously Random Lists | Comments (38)



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If you look at the current cinematic landscape, you might notice that Hollywood has resurrected a sort of contemporary version of 1980’s objectification. The 80s, of course, was something of the topless female heyday, thanks to comedies like Porky’s and Private Lesson and Spring Break and the action movies like Conan the Barbarian, where it wasn’t unusual for a woman to remove her top, sometimes for no apparent reason at all. Locker room scenes seemed almost mandatory.

The box-office was more R-Rated friendly during that time. Now we see with the likes of Michael Bay and the epidemic of 80s remakes a return to that type of culture and, of course, the friendliness of R-rated movie again (see, for instance the success of four of this summer’s R-Rated comedies), only now the sexualization is reframed as female empowerment. In some cases, it that may be true. In other cases, particularly where it involves Michael Bay or Zack Snyder, it’s bullshit. That is not, however, the focus of this post.

Looking back, the 90s were a sort of oddly Puritanical decade. It was a post-recessionary period, and the studios played it wildly conservative. That is why many consider the years between 1992 and 1998 to be the worst time period for film in cinema history. Take Tarantino out of the equation, and it really was a creatively bankrupt and uninspired era until the jumpstart in 1999 (and with American Pie, so began the slow resurrection of random toplessness). Take Nolan out of the question, and cinema historians may put the years of 2008-2011 in that category some day, as well.

But, what we also saw during that period of the 90s, especially in action films, was the de-objectification of the action-movie actress. I’m not suggesting that the women of those movies weren’t attractive — they were. I’m saying that there was more focus on character than on cleavage. The women in these movies were more objects of affection and less objects to lust after. In other words, it wasn’t exactly a great decade for pin-ups. There are exceptions, of course; Sharon Stone owned that decade but even she was less Megan Fox and more Barbara Stanwyck. There was also Madonna in Dick Tracy, and even Jamie Lee Curtis in True Lies, but the mild objectification of her character was mostly done tongue-in-cheek.

But what you didn’t see in the 90s were a lot of lingering shots on cleavage or the shampoo-commercial hair flips or the now cliche shot that starts at a woman’s high heels and slowly works up her body. Granted, there’s something to be said for those angles, and my heterosexuality has a lot of sympathy for them. But those kinds of movies were in the minority during this period. Indeed, the women in 90’s action movies were more doctors and athletes and less Scarlett Johannson. Laura Dern, for instance, would never be cast as a scientist today; it’d be more along the lines of Natalie Portman, and she’d almost certainly wear her lab coat open with a low-cut blouse underneath (see, e.g., Thor).

Allow me to demonstrate my point with these 10 fine examples:

Nicole Kidman — Days of Thunder: A doctor, most frequently seen fully clothed, in jeans and or a doctor’s coat.

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Linda Hamilton — T2: Judgement Day: A mother, most frequently seen in comfortable, asexual clothing and a pony-tail. Also, holding a weapon.

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Laura Dern — Jurassic Park: A paleobotanist, most frequently seen in Mom shorts and long sleeves.

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Janine Turner — Cliffhanger: A mountain climber, most often seen in layers and layers of climbing gear.

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Sandra Bullock — Speed: A bus passenger, seen only in the outfit pictured.

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Helen Hunt — Twister: A scientist and storm chaser, most often seen in a long-sleeve shirt with wildly windblown hair.

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Julianne Moore — Jurassic Park: The Lost World: A paleontologist, seen in a brown jacket and jeans.

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Téa Leoni — Deep Impact: A reporter, most often seen in very conservative reporter attire.

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Carrie Anne Moss — Matrix: A hacker, most often seen in sexy but not sexualizing black leather.

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Geena Davis — The Long Kiss Goodnight: A schoolteacher and mother, most often seen in a heavy coat holding weaponry.

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Comments

"Take Nolan out of the question, and cinema historians may put the years of 2008-2011 in that category some day, as well."

Please.

Posted by: Will at August 8, 2011 2:35 PM

Totally agree with the rest of this, though. What I especially love about Jurassic Park in hindsight is how weird that cast must have seemed. That chick from David Lynch movies? That Australian guy from John Carpenter movies and My Brilliant Career? Sir Richard Attenborough?

Posted by: will at August 8, 2011 2:38 PM

Tops OFF, ladies!

Posted by: BarbadoSlim at August 8, 2011 2:49 PM

Smart analysis and free of Katherine Heigl ranting.

Posted by: Sharif at August 8, 2011 2:53 PM

The Long Kiss Goodnight remains one of my favorite movies ever. I think that the 90s women just understood that sexy doesn't have to be photo-shoot obvious. It can be understated, and often requires something a lot of the modern pin up girls don't have -- acting ability. It takes more work to be sexy in layers than with your ass half out of your shorts. Remember when movie-goers had imagination?

Posted by: TheHobo at August 8, 2011 2:57 PM

Dude...you forgot about Laura Dern in Jurassic Park.

Posted by: Friendless Nerd at August 8, 2011 3:08 PM

I have maintained and will continue to maintain that the 90s were a more progressive time for women than today.

Posted by: samantha t at August 8, 2011 3:10 PM

Interesting read. I have no idea if the economy would have any effect on this whatsoever, but I do find the changes fascinating. One can only hope our poor action heroines won't stay this way for too much longer.

Posted by: beckster at August 8, 2011 3:13 PM

Say what you will about today's action ladies, but I was shocked by how covered Natalie Portman, nay, all the women were in "Thor" while the dudes were definitely on display. I don't remember Portman wearing a low-cut shirt or even being uncovered below the neck. But I guess I was too occupied with the totally shirtless beefcake next to her to notice.

Posted by: RhymesWithSilver at August 8, 2011 3:17 PM

Interesting to see Julianne Moore and Nicole Kidman on this list because Julianne has seen her fair share of nude scenes and Nicole has been naked in EVERY MOVIE EVER WITH HER IN IT, EVER! It's like, hey! Keep yer clothes on, gingers! We're trying to respect you over here!!!

Posted by: Kballs at August 8, 2011 3:23 PM

The toplessness in American Beauty might have been random, but that doesn't lessen my appreciation of it.

And what the hell happened to Thora Birch? After Ghost World, POOF! Hardly any movies and all of them straight to DVD.

Posted by: Groundloop at August 8, 2011 3:25 PM

"And what the hell happened to Thora Birch?"

Her creepy dad. True story.

Posted by: Barry at August 8, 2011 3:38 PM

Posted by: Maggie at August 8, 2011 3:42 PM

@Maggie, thanks for the link to the AV Club story. I now remember reading that when it was posted last year. But still. My Dad is overbearing and creepy, and with years of therapy and a line of credit at my neighbourhood liquor store, I've been able to stand on my own!

YOU CAN DO IT TOO THORA!!

Posted by: Groundloop at August 8, 2011 3:50 PM

"Take Nolan out of the question, and cinema historians may put the years of 2008-2011 in that category some day, as well."

Quentin Tarantino and The Bride have a bone to pick with this idea.

Posted by: Fredo at August 8, 2011 4:13 PM

Jamie Lee Curtis's objectification in True Lies is actually the most demeaning. It isn't random "let's get some sex in this movie" director choice but was written into the script. It was perpretrated by her husband (you know, the man that supposedly loves her even though he's been lying to her since they met) just for shits and giggles with an undertone of "look at her trying to be a spy -- isn't that cute?".

Posted by: Three-nineteen at August 8, 2011 4:21 PM

Good observations.

Long Kiss actually offers some fairly provocative (for Geena Davis) scenes of the heroine in states of undress that don't exactly discourage the male gaze. However, as her character is a sexual aggressor rather than subservient it might still keep true to your thesis.

Interesting to note, whenever any of the aforementioned 90's movies come on, my girlfriend always remarks how "unflatteringly they dressed those women back then!"

Posted by: Trey Shacksit at August 8, 2011 4:35 PM

"That is why many consider the years between 1992 and 1998 to be the worst time period for film in cinema history." Really? Not sure what the metric for evaluating what made it terrible or great would be, but I would be interested in finding out why it was supposed to be so terrible (and how Tarrantino is the saviour?) Is it the glut of independent cinema of the 1990s? I have heard some argue that the lack of independent financing is the problem for film quality in the most recent past, but the 1990s saw the opposite, correct?

A pajiba debate.
Or, maybe everyone agrees that 1990s was terrible, staid, and lacked innovation.

Posted by: Hattie at August 8, 2011 4:44 PM

@Three-nineteen: Agreed, True Lies was the opposite of everything in this article.

Posted by: RudeMorgue at August 8, 2011 4:45 PM

FUN FACT: That's the face Helen Hunt makes when humping happens.

SAD FACT: Same goes for Geena Davis...

Posted by: Skitz at August 8, 2011 5:27 PM

Best example of a smart women who was covered up almost always is FBI agent Scully from the X-files. I can't imagine someone like her having a place today in series or films. All the females in the entertainment industry have to wear tight short clothes and have perfect hair.

Posted by: d at August 8, 2011 5:30 PM

Chris Carter had to defend Gillian Anderson at the beginning from Fox executives who thought Mulder should have a more, um, bimbo-ish partner.

Posted by: csb at August 8, 2011 6:28 PM

Scully's a perfect example. Laura Hamilton's Sarah Conner forever embodies my yearning to be a bad-ass woman. She had a killer body in the anti-heroine kind of way that was still sexy on so many levels. Ripley sexy.

Posted by: duckandcover at August 8, 2011 6:37 PM

Well, doesn't Fringe have it's own version of Scully?

Posted by: Julie at August 8, 2011 7:42 PM

Three-nineteen:
I couldn't agree with you more! That scene in "True Lies" has always made me feel ashamed and uncomfortable. I can understand--I can SEE--Jamie Lee Curtis looks incredible and is so very sexy in that scene...but the idea that it's her husband that has set her up for humiliation (even if it turns out not to be humiliating)? That just makes me all sick inside. How did the discussion about that go later, I wonder?

Posted by: Vangie at August 8, 2011 8:24 PM

Penelope Ann Miller in The Relic.

Posted by: John W at August 8, 2011 9:07 PM

Although not an action movie, Jodie Foster probably set the tone for the decade in Silence of the Lambs.

(True that, sir. True that. --DR)

Posted by: John W at August 8, 2011 9:10 PM

Great list, Dustin. I will say that, while I found Angelina Jolie distressingly thin in Salt, I was incredibly happy with how little she was sexualized as a character. She appeared in her underwear in the first scene, but it was while she was being tortured (and you have to be pretty gross to get any titillation out of that). The rest of the movie she was wearing a bunch of long sleeve loose-fitting clothing, or fabulous fur coats, and in the whole last scene she was dressed as a dude. Loved it.

Posted by: bravesjade at August 8, 2011 9:45 PM

Kballs is right. Moore, for instance, doesn't go topless in "Short Cuts" (1993) IIRC, but she DOES go bottomless for a lengthy scene.

"the 90s were a sort of oddly Puritanical decade."
---
Despite or because of a president who played hide-the-cigar with and got head from and splooged on the dress of an intern half his age?

Discuss.

Posted by: , at August 8, 2011 11:43 PM

Also there was still loads and loads of gratuitous female nudity in the '90s. 1994 alone gave us "Pret-a-Porter" and "Sirens," godblessem, though I'll grant none of the naked women were "action" stars in the sense you mean it, though they certainly were "action" stars in the sense I mean it.

Posted by: , at August 8, 2011 11:46 PM

I'd add Izabella Scorupco's Natalya in 1995's GoldenEye to the list - a Bond Girl who has three outfits: a sensible cardigan and skirt at the start, army fatigues at the end, with a single scene in a bikini in the middle (while she's on a beach).

Let's be honest though: these women are all still babes. Just because they dressed a little dowdily doesn't stop them from being Hollywood beauties, and being out of the league of their male co-stars. Laura Dern was in Jurassic Park with the "quirky" charms of Sam Neill and Jeff Goldblum; Janine Turner and Linda Hamilton were paired with the distinctly odd looking Sly and Arnie; Helen Hunt with the short grizzled Bill Paxton. The de-glamming only went so far.

Posted by: Scott at August 9, 2011 4:59 AM

Did Bridget Fonda get nekkid in Point of No Return? La Femme Nikita was better and in 1990, but foreign so kinda falls off list I guess.

Jamie Lee's empowerment only came at the denouement anywho. Even still, whether it was written in as a prank on his wife or not, it was still pivotal to the plot, as Ahnold wanted to see if she'd go through with it.

Posted by: Protoguy at August 9, 2011 5:50 AM

"That is why many consider the years between 1992 and 1998 to be the worst time period for film in cinema history."
Erhem. I assume you meant AMERICAN cinema history? Cause off in those random piddling counties most Americans can't locate on a map there were some quite interesting things going on...
Just sayin. Otherwise fantastic (and thought-provoking) post!

Posted by: cinekat at August 9, 2011 9:02 AM

Fringe is a bad rip off of X-files. Please don't compare that blonde with Scully. She's so bland next to my favourite red head.

Posted by: haha at August 9, 2011 10:31 AM

A. Olivia Dunham's awesomeness in no way derives or detracts from Scully's awesomeness.

2. Kudos to Trey Shacksit's girlfriend for pointing out that "these women" don't dress themselves. These are all actors. Wearing costumes. Designed by someone else to suit someone else's vision. Which is often heavily influenced by the profit department. Point being, how did the zeitgeist offer us this temporary reprieve?

III. Marge Gunderson. POW!

Posted by: Salieri2 at August 9, 2011 3:06 PM

Tits or GTFO.

Posted by: Ian Malcom at August 9, 2011 10:44 PM

I'm hitting this late, but didn't Helen Hunt have a shower scene in Twister? Although no nudity was really shown.

Also The Matrix had many of those lingering shots you discussed. Like the pan up the body. Of Moss.

There were plenty of directors who kept the 80's going. Just one example would be Paul Verhoeven: Total Recall, Basic Instinct, Showgirls, and Starship Troopers all came out between 1990 and 1997.

Posted by: DeistBrawler at August 10, 2011 1:19 PM

Linda Hamilton in T2 was just a holdover from Linda Hamilton in T1 (1984). Sure, she leveled way up in terms of badass, but I don't think she was noticeably more sexualized in the 80s. At least, the sex scene was no more objectifying toward her than toward Michael Beihn. And Sigourney Weaver kicked major ass in Aliens (1986) without even showing her ass like in Alien, not to mention Vazques. Fifth Element (1997) certainly showcased Jovovitch's body moreso than any of them, and Dusk til Dawn (1996) had an extended whorehouse sequence. The Mask of Zorro (1998) strips Catherine Zeta-Jones at sword point.

Just saying, It's not what I'd call clear-cut.

Posted by: Robin at August 15, 2011 8:40 PM